Description: Five photographs show law enforcement officers involved with activities at the Republic Steel Corporation's Warren Plant during the 1937 ""Little Steel"" Strike. The first is an image of the mill police off duty on June 20. Taken June 21, the second photograph shows the city police, who told the photographer to ""Keep that camera pointed inside if you want protection from us."" The third and fourth images shows the railroad police at the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad gate on June 23. Railroad police are also shown in the last image, taken on June 28. These 4.5"" by 6.5"" (11.43 by 16.5 cm) photographs are part of a scrapbook maintained by the Republic Steel Corporation documenting events at its Warren Plant during the strike. The scrapbook is labeled Miscellaneous Communications, Posters and Pictures Relating to the C.I.O. Strike of the Warren Plant of the Republic Steel Corporation, Summer 1937, Vol. III. In June 1936 the Amalgamated Association of Iron, Steel, and Tin Workers and the Committee for Industrial Organization (C.I.O.) agreed to a joint effort to organize the steel industry. This led to the formation of the Steel Workers Organizing Committee (S.W.O.C.). Soon after the first representatives from the S.W.O.C. arrived in the Mahoning Valley to begin their organizing efforts. On March 26, 1937 the organizing committee signed a contract with U.S. Steel, the nation's largest steel producer. Six weeks later the second largest steel company in the country, Jones & Laughlin, followed the example of U.S. Steel. Following these victories the S.W.O.C. increased its efforts at reaching agreements with the smaller companies known as the ""Little Steel"" companies: Republic Steel, Inland Steel, and Youngstown Sheet and Tube. Talks between the organizing committee and the steel companies broke down and on May 26, 1937 approximately 25,000 Mahoning Valley steelworkers walked off their jobs from Republic Steel and Youngstown Sheet and Tube. Most of the mills shut down with the start of the strike. However, Republic Steel kept their Warren and Niles plants open using non-striking steelworkers. This led to a number of violent confrontations outside the mills. With no end to the strike in sight, Youngstown Sheet and Tube and Republic Steel announced on June 21 that the mills will be re-opened for those workers wanted to return to work. Fearing the violence that would follow attempts to re-open the plants, Ohio Governor Martin Davey ordered National Guard troops to the Mahoning Valley and on June 22 nearly 2,000 National Guardsmen arrived in Youngstown and Warren. The arrival of the National Guard signaled the beginning of the end of the strike. On June 25 striking steelworkers began returning to work under the protection of the National Guard. The steel companies also began hiring new workers to replace those who remained on strike. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om1619_2586914_042
Subjects: Business and Labor; Strikes; Steel industry; Congress of Industrial Organizations (U.S.); Labor unions; Police; Law enforcement officers
Places: Niles (Ohio); Warren (Ohio); Trumbull County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph showing the 3rd Precinct of the Cleveland Police Department, ca. 1878, from the collection of Louis Baus. Baus, a native of Cleveland, Ohio, was born in 1875. He began his career as a professional photographer doing studio work before becoming a staff photographer for the Cleveland Advocate in 1911. Baus worked for the paper, which was later purchased by the Cleveland Plain Dealer, for thirty-eight years until his death in 1949. He was also an avid collector of historic photographs. The Louis Baus Collection consists of over one thousand photographs mounted in eleven albums, showing historic Cleveland, the village of Zoar and Ohio covered bridges and mills. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: P223_B01_A03_275
Subjects: Cleveland (Ohio); Police officers; Law enforcement; Ohio History--State and Local Government--Law;
Places: Cleveland (Ohio); Cuyahoga County (Ohio)
 

Description: Two black men being removed from an Austin-Healey 3000 sports car by a Cincinnati, Ohio, police officer. Rioting erupted in the Avondale section of Cincinnati, Ohio, on April 8, 1968, five days after the assassination of the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. The rioting was touched off by an accidental shooting. A man, James Smith, armed with a shotgun, was trying to protect his property from looters. A person approached Smith, grabbed the barrel of the shotgun, causing the gun to accidentally fire, killing Smith's wife. A rumor spread that "a white policeman had killed a colored woman," according to the Cincinnati Enquirer, April 9, 1968. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV3_B16F28_01
Subjects: Civil rights movements--United States--History--20th century; Riot control; Ohio History--Slavery, Anti-Slavery and Civil Rights; Law enforcement; Police officers;
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: Police Officer Margaret Stiver at front desk, Columbus, Ohio, 1953. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL00134
Subjects: Columbus (Ohio); Police Officers; Women--Employment; Law enforcement
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Portrait of William A. Jackson, a patrolman born in Detroit, Michigan, in 1860, who was appointed to the Lima (Ohio) Police Department in 1891. The first first African American officer appointed to the police force in Lima, Jackson retired in 1895 and reappointed in 1898. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: 352_2L626h_Jackson
Subjects: African American Ohioans; Law enforcement; Police officers; City employees
Places: Lima (Ohio); Allen County (Ohio)
 

Description: Portrait of Aytch Miller, a residential patrolman who was appointed to the Columbus Police Department on December 17, 1907. The first African American officer appointed to the Columbus Police Department is reported to be Nelson Tate, ca. 1890. The city had its first African American chief of police, James G. Jackson, named in 1990. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: 363_20977157H629c_Miller
Subjects: African American Ohioans; Law enforcement; Police officers; City employees
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Portrait of Thomas H. Lonesome, a patrolman born in Virginia on April 14, 1866, who was appointed to the Youngstown (Ohio) Police Department on December 12, 1895. Lonesome and his fellow patrolman Charles Williams were among the earliest African Americans to join the police force in Youngstown in the 1890s. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: 352_2771391_Y87h_Lonesome
Subjects: African American Ohioans; Law enforcement; Police officers; City employees
Places: Youngstown (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)
 

Description: Portrait of George Gaston, a patrolman who was appointed to the Columbus Police Department on May 23, 1899. The first African American officer appointed to the Columbus Police Department is reported to be Nelson Tate, ca. 1890. The city had its first African American chief of police, James G. Jackson, named in 1990. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: 363_20977157H629c_Gaston
Subjects: African American Ohioans; Law enforcement; Police officers; City employees
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Portrait of John H. Jones, a patrolman who was appointed to the Columbus Police Department on December 27, 1904. The first African American officer appointed to the Columbus Police Department is reported to be Nelson Tate, ca. 1890. The city had its first African American chief of police, James G. Jackson, named in 1990. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: 363_20977157H629c_Jones
Subjects: African American Ohioans; Law enforcement; Police officers; City employees
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Portrait of Simon P. Jackson, a patrolman who was appointed to the Columbus Police Department on May 16, 1899. The first African American officer appointed to the Columbus Police Department is reported to be Nelson Tate, ca. 1890. The city had its first African American chief of police, James G. Jackson, named in 1990. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: 363_20977157H629c_S_Jackson
Subjects: African American Ohioans; Law enforcement; Police officers; City employees
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Portrait of Charles J. Williams, a patrolman born in Baltimore, Maryland, on July 5, 1871, who was appointed to the Youngstown (Ohio) Police Department on May 1, 1899. Williams and his fellow patrolman Thomas Lonesome were among the earliest African Americans to join the police force in Youngstown in the 1890s. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: 352_2771391_Y87h_Williams
Subjects: African American Ohioans; Law enforcement; Police officers; City employees
Places: Youngstown (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)
 

Description: Portrait of of Howard Gilbert, a patrolman who was appointed to the Columbus Police Department on August 28, 1903. The first African American officer appointed to the Columbus Police Department is reported to be Nelson Tate, ca. 1890. The city had its first African American chief of police, James G. Jackson, named in 1990. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: 363_20977157H629c_Gilbert
Subjects: African American Ohioans; Law enforcement; Police officers; City employees
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)